Navigate Reading The Carrot or The Stick slides 72/73. Watch the Vox Pop “Rules” and answer the questions.

Are you expected to work or check emails or mobile phones outside working hours? How do you feel about that?

In some cases yes, in some cases no. But in general I don’t have any problem with answering to email outside working hours. It doesn’t feel unusual, because in our age many people are always very busy and at the same time they’re ready to respond to unchecked or missed emails, letters and etc. In our century, every busy person should keep in touch with everyone everywhere and everyday. But of course, everyone has right to relax during the weekends, so checking limited-number emails is required.

What do you find motivates you to work hard? Do you respond better to a stick or a carrot?

In my opinion, the best motivation not only for me, but for a huge number of people is the goal of the work. How can it be, when can it be, these are questions which answers arise during hard work. So, my advice to the readers is to concentrate only on the work and its goal ignoring all the disturbing moments and things. I respond better to a carrot, because it has positive motivation and “awards”, like personal growth, recognition, why not rewards and etc, but we should know, that sticks are also required, ’cause we understand the problem and its solving ways better when we face difficulties. In summary, the mix of these things is the best way of self-recognition, and why not, self-appreciation and self-motivation.

Navigate Past Modals slide 150, ex-es 2, 3

ex. 2 / Complete the conversations using an appropriate modal verb of deduction and the verb in brackets.

1. A: Where on earth are Olga and Bogdan? They should’ve been here half an hour ago.
B: Well, they might have got lost. They’ve never been here before, I don’t think.

2. A: The bill is £75!
B: That can’t be right. I think they must have overcharged us.

3. A: Erica hasn’t been in touch yet.
B: Well, she might not have got your message asking her to call you.

4. A: I had a drink with Andrew Horton last night.
B: That can’t have been fun! He just seems to talk about work all the time, doesn’t he?

5. A: I didn’t see you at the reception last night.
B: Oh, we must have just missed each other. I left quite early – at about 7.30 a.m.

ex. 3 / Complete the second sentence using an appropriate modal verb of deduction so the meaning is the same.

  1. She might’ve missed the bus.
  2. There must have been some mistake.
  3. He might not have understood.
  4. They can’t have realized.
  5. Karen might have gone home early.