Alfred Nobel — English classwork — Դավիթ Մուրադյան

Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist, was a man of many contrasts. He was the son of a bankrupt, but became a millionaire; a scientist with a love of literature, he was an industrialist who managed to remain an idealist. He made a fortune’ but lived a simple life , and although cheerful in company he often was sad in private. A lover of mankind, he never had a wife or family to love him; a patriotic son of his native land, he died alone on foreign soil. He invented a new explosive, dynamite, to improve the peacetime industries of mining and building, but saw it used as a weapon of war to kill and injure his fellowmen. During his useful life he often felt he was useless. World-famous for his works, he was never personally well known, for throughout his life he avoided publicity’. “I do not see”. he once said, “that I have deserved any fame and I have no taste for it”, but since his death his name has brought fame and glory to others.

He was born in Stockholm on October 21, 1833, but moved to Russia with his parents in 1842, where his father, Emmanuel, made a strong position for himself in the engineering industry. Emmanuel Nobel invented the landmine and made a lot of money from government orders for it during the Crimean War, but went bankrupt soon after. Most of the family returned to Sweden in 1859, where Alfred rejoined them in 1863, beginning his own study of explosives in his father’s laboratory. He had never been to school or university but had studied privately and by the time he was twenty he was a skillful and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German, French and English. Like his father, Alfred Nobel was imaginative and inventive, but he had better luck in business, building up over eighty companies in twenty different countries. Indeed his greatness lay in his outstanding ability to combine the qualities of an original scientist with those of a forward, looking industrialist.

But Nobel’s main concern was not to make money or even to make scientific discoveries. Seldom happy, he was always searching for a meaning to life, and from his youth had taken a serious interest in literature and philosophy. Perhaps because he could not find ordinary human love — he never married — he came to care deeply about the whole mankind. He was always generous to the poor: “I’d rather take care of the stomachs of the living than the glory of the dead in the form of stone memorials”, he once said. His greatest wish, however, was to see an end to wars and thus peace between nations, and he spent much time and money working for this cause until his death in Italy in 1896. His famous will, in which he left money to provide prizes for outstanding work in physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature and peace, is a memorial to his interests and ideals.

Vocabulary`